Georgia

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Introduction - Georgia:
Location - Georgia:
People - Georgia:
Government - Georgia:
Economy - Georgia:

Economy overview

Georgias main economic activities include the cultivation of agricultural products such as grapes, citrus fruits, and hazelnuts; mining of manganese and copper; and output of a small industrial sector producing alcoholic and nonalcoholic beverages, metals, machinery, and chemicals. The country imports the bulk of its energy needs, including natural gas and oil products. It has sizeable but underdeveloped hydropower capacity. Despite the severe damage the economy has suffered due to civil strife, Georgia, with the help of the IMF and World Bank, has made substantial economic gains since 2000, achieving positive GDP growth and curtailing inflation. Georgia had suffered from a chronic failure to collect tax revenues; however, the new government is making progress and has reformed the tax code, improved tax administration, increased tax enforcement, and cracked down on corruption. Due to concerted reform efforts, collection rates have improved considerably to roughly 60%, both in Tbilisi and throughout the regions. In addition, the reinvigorated privatization process has met with success, supplementing government expenditures on infrastructure, defense, and poverty reduction. Despite customs and financial (tax) enforcement improvements, smuggling remains a drain on the economy. Georgia also suffers from energy shortages due to aging and badly maintained infrastructure, as well as poor management. Continued reform in the management of state-owned power entities is essential to successful privatization and onward sustainability in this sector. The country is pinning its hopes for long-term growth on its role as a transit state for pipelines and trade. The construction on the Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan oil pipeline and the Baku-Tbilisi-Erzerum gas pipeline have brought much-needed investment and job opportunities. Nevertheless, high energy prices have compounded the pressure on the countrys inefficient energy sector. Restructuring the sector and finding energy supply alternatives to Russia remain major challenges.

Gdp purchasing power parity

$17.88 billion (2006 est.)

Gdp official exchange rate

$5.234 billion (2006 est.)

Gdp real growth rate

8% (2006 est.)

Gdp per capita ppp

$3,800 (2006 est.)

Gdp composition by sector

agriculture: 17.7%
industry: 27.5%
services: 54.8% (2006 est.)

Labor force

2.04 million (2004 est.)

Labor force by occupation

agriculture: 40%
industry: 20%
services: 40% (1999 est.)

Unemployment rate

12.6% (2004 est.)

Population below poverty line

54% (2001 est.)

Household income or consumption by percentage share

lowest 10%: 2.3%
highest 10%: 27.9% (1996)

Distribution of family income gini index

38 (2003)

Inflation rate consumer prices

10% (2006 est.)

Investment gross fixed

30% of GDP (2006 est.)

Budget

revenues: $1.726 billion
expenditures: $1.879 billion; including capital expenditures of $NA (2006 est.)

Agriculture products

citrus, grapes, tea, hazelnuts, vegetables; livestock

Industries

steel, aircraft, machine tools, electrical appliances, mining (manganese and copper), chemicals, wood products, wine

Industrial production growth rate

3% (2000)

Electricity production

6.804 billion kWh (2004)

Electricity consumption

8.528 billion kWh (2004)

Electricity exports

200 million kWh (2004)

Electricity imports

2.4 billion kWh (2004)

Oil production

1,981 bbl/day (2004)

Oil consumption

13,000 bbl/day (2004 est.)

Oil exports

NA bbl/day

Oil imports

NA bbl/day

Oil proved reserves

35 million bbl

Natural gas production

20 million cu m (2004 est.)

Natural gas consumption

1.5 billion cu m (2005 est.)

Natural gas exports

NA cu m

Natural gas imports

1.5 billion cu m (2005 est.)

Current account balance

-$735 million (2006 est.)

Exports

$1.761 billion (2006 est.)

Exports commodities

scrap metal, machinery, chemicals; fuel reexports; citrus fruits, tea, wine

Exports partners

UK 21.5%, Turkey 16.9%, US 5.8%, Spain 5.8%, Azerbaijan 5.6%, Turkmenistan 5.1% (2006)

Imports

$3.32 billion (2006 est.)

Imports commodities

fuels, machinery and parts, transport equipment, grain and other foods, pharmaceuticals

Imports partners

Russia 17%, Turkey 12.3%, US 7.9%, Azerbaijan 7.8%, Ukraine 7.4%, Germany 7.1%, Italy 4.9% (2006)

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold

$492 million (2006 est.)

Debt external

$2.04 billion (2004)

Economic aid recipient

ODA, $150 million (2000 est.)

Currency code

lari (GEL)

Exchange rates

lari per US dollar - 1.78 (2006), 1.8127 (2005), 1.9167 (2004), 2.1457 (2003), 2.1957 (2002)

Communications - Georgia:
Transportation - Georgia:
Military - Georgia:
This page was last updated on 16 September, 2007
Source: CIA >>>


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