Saint Helena

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Introduction - Saint Helena:
Location - Saint Helena:

Location

islands in the South Atlantic Ocean, about midway between South America and Africa; Ascension Island lies 700 nm northwest of Saint Helena; Tristan da Cunha lies 2300 nm southwest of Saint Helena

Geographic coordinates

15 57 S, 5 42 W

Map references

Africa

Area

total: 413 sq km
land: Saint Helena Island 122 sq km; Ascension Island 90 sq km; Tristan da Cunha island group 201 sq km
water: 0 sq km

Area comparative

slightly more than twice the size of Washington, DC

Land boundaries

0 km

Coastline

Saint Helena: 60 km
Ascension Island: NA
Tristan da Cunha: 40 km

Maritime claims

territorial sea: 12 nm
exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm

Climate

Saint Helena: tropical marine; mild, tempered by trade winds
Ascension Island: tropical marine; mild, semi-arid
Tristan da Cunha: temperate marine; mild, tempered by trade winds (tends to be cooler than Saint Helena)

Terrain

the islands of this group result from volcanic activity associated with the Atlantic Mid-Ocean Ridge
Saint Helena: rugged, volcanic; small scattered plateaus and plains
Ascension: surface covered by lava flows and cinder cones of 44 dormant volcanoes; ground rises to the east
Tristan da Cunha: sheer cliffs line the coastline of the nearly circular island; the flanks of the central volcanic peak are deeply dissected; narrow coastal plain lies between The Peak and the coastal cliffs

Elevation extremes

lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m
highest point: Queen Marys Peak on Tristan da Cunha 2,062 m; Green Mountain on Ascension Island 859 m; Mount Actaeon on Saint Helena Island 818 m

Natural resources

fish, lobster

Land use

arable land: 12.9%
permanent crops: 0%
other: 87.1% (2005)

Irrigated land

NA

Natural hazards

active volcanism on Tristan da Cunha, last eruption in 1961

Environment current issues

NA

Geography note

Saint Helena harbors at least 40 species of plants unknown anywhere else in the world; Ascension is a breeding ground for sea turtles and sooty terns; Queen Marys Peak on Tristan da Cunha is the highest island mountain in the South Atlantic and a prominent landmark on the sea lanes around southern Africa

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This page was last updated on 16 September, 2007
Source: CIA >>>


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